Device for producing permanent waves in hair



y 2 1929- L. M. CASEY' l,7l 3,688

DEVICE FOR PRODUCING PERMANENT WAVES I N HAIR Filed March 19, I928 LauraM. Casay. 5

a er r LAURA. M. CASEY, OF CEDAR FALLS, IOWA.

Fries.

DEVICE FOR PRODUCING PERMANENT WAVES IN HAIR.

Application filed March 19, 1828. Serial No. 262,870.

My invention relates to devices for proeach individual hair of the tresstransversely ducing permanent waves in hair, and the in a line acrossthe waved tress an angular object of my improvement is to supply meanscrimp which retains its angular bend perwhich coact in such a manner asto produce manently and thus reinforces and maintains shaped waves inhair with oppositely directthe intermediate waves of the tress. ed waveforms and which are crimped in a My device includes a hollow framehaving way transversely as to impart to a-tress as side bars 1 unitedabove and below by like a whole permanence in such varied wave arcuatebars 2 and 3 having respectively outforms. wardly facing convex andconcave faces.

10 This object I have accomplished by the A plurality of like arcuateand parallel bars means which are hereinafter described and 4 arepositioned in equally spaced relation claimed, and which are illustratedin the across and between the side bars 1 of the accompanying; drawings,in which Figs. 1 frame and united rigidly thereto at their and 2 arelike top plans of my assembled ends. These inner bars l have numerousdevice, the movable parts of the device being comb teeth 45 along theirupper edges, and

shown in Fig. 2 as relatively shifted transthese may be triangular asshown or otherversely as in treating a tress of hair in shapwise shapedand arranged along the bars as ing it into a permanent wave. Fig. 3 is adesired. longitudinal medial section of said device. The numeral 9denotes a plurality of arou- 20 Fig. 4 is an elevation of one of thedentated ate comb bodies made of any suitable shape cr0ss-bars of thedevice takenon a cross or material, metal or otherwise, and as shown 7"section of the inclosing frame. Fig. 5 is a in Figs. 8, 5 and 6, mayhave longitudinally bottom plan of one of the arcuate pressure dentatedarcuate comb bar-s11, l0 and 12 members or combs of the device. Fig. 6is embedded therein on a lower face thereof an elevation of one of saidcombs. arcuate in cross section to have their teeth My invention is notrestricted to the preproject therefrom only, and preferably the elseconstruction and arrangement of parts middle bars 10 have longer teeththan the herein shown and described, nor to the parallel side bars 11and 12, the middle various details thereof, as the same may be teeth onthe bars 10 being approximately of 3 modified or rearranged in variousparticthe same shape and length as those on the ulars without departingfrom the spirit and other arcuate frame bars 4. so scope of myinvention, one practical embodi- The curve of each comb bar 9 is takenprefment of Which has been herein illustrated erably parallel to thecurves of the abutting and described without attempting to show framebars 4, and the width of each comb bar all of the various forms andmodifications 9 is less than the interspace of the bars 4- in which myinvention might be embodied. between which it may beloosely mounted,

Different devices have been furnished for and also the length of eachcomb bar 9 is the purpose of forming permanent waves in less than thedistance between the frame hair, but have been confined to effecting theside bars 1 transversely, to permit relative to waves in one planesubstantially parallel transverse displacements of the comb bars withthe scalp, or if suchdevices are of that When placed in the frame andmanipulated class which require the coiling of a tress pon a tressaccording to the principles of around a supporting member helically, thetins lnventlon. ensuing released and shaped tress has as a Aperturedprojections 5 on the side bars 45 r sult. a longated helical form whichi 1 of the frame have the1r apertures in transnot a true wave and isimpermanent. verse alinement to removably seat the secur My improveddevice is therefore supplied ing rods 6 which latter may bear against ato function in producing acombination wave pair transversely spacedremovable bars 7 in and further to impress upon ha alidles 8, the bars 7upon the kind, thenythe tress may be combed out upper faces of the combbars 9 when the latter are mounted between the dentated frame bars 4. V

In order to treat a tress of hair by means of my appliance, the hairshould initially be dampened or soaked in water suitably im pregnatedwith an alkali of an appropriate longitudinally carefully to place itshairs in parallel relation, the tress then being overlaid upon the framebars f mediallyand longitudinally. The concave frame bar 3 is shaped tosubstantially curve about any region of the scalp when any tress of hairis to be so treated, and positioned upon the appliance. Beginning withthe. nearest interspace of the appliance next the scalp, a comb bar 9 isplaced in the interspace mediallywith its three rows of teeth 10, 11 and12penetrating the tress downwardly and thus the tress. is carried aroundthe bottom of the comb bar as also across both of its longitudinalcurvate faces toward and across the dentate frame bar 4. The insertedcomb bar ,9 isthen shifted transversely of said frame a suitabledistance as shown in Fig.

i 2. In this figure the line a denotes one hair manent by the furtherpull exerted upon the hair a when the next comb bar 9 is in of such atress for the sake of clearness, and the first dotted part of the lineindicates the curvilinear wave produced in this hair a as also in everyhair of the tress by the transverse pull thereupon of the penetratingteeth 10, 11 and 12 of the comb 'bar 9. It"

will be seen that the hair a is thereby placed under longitudinal strainand that where. it crosses'between'teeth 4 of the next opposed frame barl, it is bent at about a right angle and this bend is confirmed andrendered perserted and pushed down into and shifted longitudinallyreversely in the next succeed ing interspace of the frame bars. The sameoperation is continued until enough comb bars are inserted in the frameto :similarly treat each part of the tress, and then the longitudinalbars 7 are placed upon the frame to bear against the tops of the appliedcomb bars, the cross rods 6 being finally mounted in the apertured ears5 to releas ably lock the bars 7' in place. lVhile the appliance may beleft in place upon the tress until the tress is dry, preferably to savetime any suitable heating means may be placed in juxtaposition theretoto dry the tress more quickly.

It will be-observed, that when the tress is dried, thesame being understrain, the

'hairs thereof are shaped with a complex wave which sinuously changesdirection so that as will be seen at a in Fig. 2, and considering thedirection of the tress as compressed around the bottomsand sides ofthecombs 9, waves in difierent angular directions are produced inthe tressbetween bends persist and-thus tend to maintain the reversely alternatedwaves in the hair permanently. 1 i

The hair when so shaped with waves produced therein in opposeddirections presents a more natural wavy appearance and pleasing aspectthan if waved in one layer. substantially parallelto the scalp. Theupstandmg waves so alternated with the other waves give a relief to thearrangement which is lighter and better ventilated and adds to theapparent mass of the hair.

.I-Iaving'described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In combination, an open frame having a plurality of like arcuatefixed and dentated' comb bars spaced apart, like arcuate comb barsshorter and wider than the fixed comb bars and having downwardly arcuatefaces and narrower than the interspaces thereof mounted looselytherebetween, and means for releasably securing the loose comb barsbetween the fixed comb bars against removal therefrom in one direction,the comb bars all having rows of longitudinal teeth with those on thewider movable bars directed oppositelyjto those on the fixed bars.

2.'In combination, an assemblage of alternated and approximatelyparallel arcuate comb devices having respectively oppositely directedteeth, one set being movable alongside the other alternated setlongitudinally, the other set having single rows of teeth in theircombs, thealte'rnated set having in each combdevice a body having alongits face opposite/the tooth bearing face of the other set parallel rowsof teeth, of which one row ofteeth is longer than the teeth of the outerrows, and the former bodies having their tooth bearing faces of convexcross section;

3. In combination, an open rigid frame having rigid arcuate parallelcross bars with many teeth along the like edges thereof, and shorterarcuate blocks slidably mounted be tween said bars, having transverselyareuate faces opposite the toothed edges of the bars and said faceshaving parallel longitudinal rows of many teeth.

4. In combination, asubstantially rec-' tangular open frame having onopposite side bars of one face oppositely alined-apertured bearing lugs,longitudinally spaced'longitudinal rods: crossing the top and bottomframe bars contactingly, rods crossing the longitudinal rodscontactingly with their ends removably inserted in said apertured lugs,said side bars being connected by rigid parallel arcuate transverseloars having on each a single longitudinal row of teeth projecting inthe direction toward said securing longitudinal rods, and arcuate bodiesshorter than the toothed arcuate bars, slidahle there between, havingtransversely arcuate faces directed oppositely from the teeth of saidarcuate bars, and having many small teeth arranged along their arcuatefaces.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

LAURA M. CASEY.

